Sowing of seeds produced 65 days before the scheduled date of planting seedlings to their permanent place.
The dates of sowing seeds of pepper for seedlings in the Moscow region in the last days of March, if they plan to plant seedlings in open ground.
If the seedlings are planted under temporary shelter, then you need to sow in early March.
Seed selection
Before sowing, the seeds are sorted on the sieve by size, the feeble ones are removed by their specific weight, for which they are placed in 5% NaCl. At the same time, weak seeds emerge, and high-grade seeds sink, and as more valuable, are used for sowing. They are pre-checked for germination. It is easy to do. No later than a week before sowingThe seeds are placed in a small dish between two layers of cotton or filter paper, moistened and placed in a warm dark place, maintaining constant humidity. Hacked seeds are used for sowing.
Seed preparation before planting
Against diseasetransmitted through seeds they are pickled in 1% solution of potassium manganic acid for 10 minutes and washed with clean water. Next, the seeds are moistened in a solution of microelements and fertilizers in the proportions given (calculated for 1 bucket of water):
- Potassium salt 3 g;
- manganese sulfate 0.7 g;
- superphosphate 5 g;
- ammonium nitrate 3 g;
- boric acid 1 g;
- zinc sulfate 1 g;
- ammonium molybdate 1 g;
- copper sulphate 1g.
It is better to sow sprouted seeds in boxes of any size. with a layer of soil of at least 10 cm. The boxes are washed, disinfected in 3–5% formalin solution or 10% bleach solution.
Soil mixtures for sowing
Mixtures for sowing seeds can be very different, for example:
- humus (2 parts), sod land with inclusions of sand (1 part);
- humus (1 part), sawdust (1 part), peat (2 parts), sod land (1 part);
- humus (5 parts), turf land (1 part).
In the nutritional formula for one bucket you need to add:
- 0.5 cups ash (woody);
- 45 g of superphosphate;
- 45 g of potassium salt.
Ingredients must be mixed well.. The prepared mixture is poured into the box, leaving 3 cm from the edge, so that the soil and seeds are not washed out during watering.
- Before sowing the surface level and mark the grooves; the distance between them is 2-4 cm.
- Seeds are planted to a depth of about 1 cm, at a distance of 3 cm from each other.
For backfilling, use a well-mixed mixture with added sand.so that the crust does not form. Watered crops with warm water from a watering can.
Boxes set in a warm place at a temperature of 23 degrees (greenhouses, greenhouses, heated balconies). When shoots appear, to strengthen the sprouts and roots, the temperature is lowered to 14-16 degrees.
Important! If the seedlings are stretched from lack of light, it is necessary to pour them with soil mixture to the cotyledons.
Saplings are ready for picking after the appearance of the first full leaflets. Before you choose saplings for picking, they must be watered to better preserve the roots.
Dive seedlings in pots, filled with nutrient mixture or boxes at a distance of 6 × 6, 7 × 7 or 8 × 6 cm. The mixture is used the same as for sowing seeds.
To transplanted sprouts better settled down they are shaved from the bright sun. Seedlings grown in pots, less sick, has a more developed root system, begins to bear fruit faster.
When growing seedlings should be tempered. To do this, the greenhouses air, produce abundant watering, but do not overwet the soil (excess moisture stops growth).
Feeding should be done every 12-14 days.. As potash fertilizer used wood ash. With poor growth for feeding use infused manure (water - 10 h, mullein - 1 h). After feeding, the plants are washed with water. Watering and dressing combine with regular weeding.
Landing in open ground
Before planting, seedlings should be well shed with water so as not to damage the pots (potted seedlings) and the earthy clod (potless seedlings).
The wells under the seedlings make rows with distance 65-75 cm, intervals between plants - about 25 cm. On average, 8 plants are planted per m2.
Survival rate depends on the freshness of the seedlings. If the plants are drained, then in the future this may lead to the loss of the first buds, and, accordingly, early harvest.
Usually planted in the afternoon. So the plants will have time to get stronger during the night.
The wells are pre-shed with water (for each up to 2 liters). Saplings buried to the root of the neck. To make it easier for them to settle down, watering is necessary every 2 days, in hot weather - daily watering. At first, pepper only gains strength and grows poorly. After strengthening the root system, after 14 days, you need to make some mineral fertilizer, for example, calculation on 1 bucket of water:
- superphosphate 45 g;
- potassium chloride 20 g;
- ammonium nitrate 25 g.
During this period, flowering begins, so the plants should be fed. Feeding is carried out regularly, especially the fruiting period. It is possible to use both organic fertilizers, and mineral.
Loosening between rows should be done carefully, so as not to break the stems, and not to damage the roots. Spud need pepper when massive flowering begins.
Due to the peculiarities of the structure of the pepper (fruits and flowers appear in the places where the stem is branched), it is not necessary to stepon pepper.
If you follow the correct pattern of planting seedlings, in the agro-climatic conditions of the Moscow region, the harvest of the fruits of pepper in open ground can be obtained from mid-July until the first frost.
Useful materials
Read other articles on pepper seedlings:
- Proper cultivation of seeds and whether to soak them before sowing?
- How to grow black pepper peas, chili, bitter or sweet at home?
- What are growth promoters and how to use them?
- The main reasons why the leaves are twisted at the shoots, the seedlings fall or are pulled out, and also why the shoots die?
- Terms of planting in the regions of Russia and especially the cultivation in the Urals and Siberia.
- Learn yeast based fertilizer recipes.
- Learn the rules of planting Bulgarian and hot peppers, as well as dive sweet?
In conclusion, we offer you a video on how to plant seedlings in open ground:
