Apple varieties Phoenix altai gives beautiful and tasty fruits with high biological value.
The culture is not whimsical in growing and completely undemanding to care.
This apple variety makes good homemade juices.
Description and photos of this variety of apple trees in the article.
What kind is it?
Apple tree varieties Phoenix Altai refers to winter, high-yielding, versatile varieties.
Apple tree is considered average for winter hardiness.
The variety is characterized by high consumer qualities and relatively long shelf life.
With proper storage, apples Phoenix Altai stored for about four months.
In winter, apples are stored in wooden containers or racksIt is also possible in cardboard and wooden boxes.
The optimum temperature is 0 ° C. It is desirable that the fruits were calibrated in size.
It is important not to mix them with other varieties.
To the winter varieties of apple trees also belong: Idared, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Winter Pear and Kuibyshev.
Pollination
Since the apple tree of the Altai Phoenix refers to self-infertile type, pollination occurs due to pollen of apple flowers of another variety.
Ideally, plant lanes of two varieties at a distance of four to five meters from one another.
Description varieties Phoenix Altai
The appearance of an apple tree is characterized by an average height, a bright green crown and light yellow-pink fruits.
Grow at an average pace, reaching also medium sizedhave a rounded, spherical, compact crown of medium thickness.
The branches are close in relation to each other but not intertwined.
From the trunk away at right angles.
The leaf is bright green, slightly curved with a matte sheen.
The bark is colored dark brownish gray. The shoots are well trimmed with a brownish tinge.
Fruits are not very large. The average weight is about 70-135 grams.
The surface of the apples is smooth. The shape is rounded with well marked ribbing.
Color - light yellow with a light red tint. Fruits have sweet-sour, dessert taste.
The flesh is loose consistency, white, juicy, with a spicy aroma.
Chemical composition:
| Component | Content |
|---|---|
| Sugar | up to 16% |
| Titrated components | about 1% |
| Tannins | from 50 to 115 mg per 100 g |
| Vitamin C | 17 mg per 100 grams |
| P-active substances | 125 mg per 100 grams |
| Pectic substances | 4,15% |
The following dessert varieties also differ in the following varieties: Molodyozhny, Aromatny, Petrov's Dessert, Ural Bulk and Silver Hoof.
A photo
Breeding history
The apple tree variety Phoenix Altai is obtained by free pollination of the variety Bellefler-Phoenix at the Research Institute of Horticulture named Lisavenko MA in the Siberian region.
Breeders: Lisavenko M. A., Zhebrovskaya L. Yu., Kalinina I. P., Ermakova N. V.
Natural growth region
The zone of natural growth of the Phoenix Altai apple variety is West Siberian region of Russia.
But the apple tree perfectly adapts in other regions with proper planting and care (see below). Variety zoned in 1974.
In the indicated regions they grow magnificently: Gorno-Altai, Altai Rumyan, Altai Crimson, Arkad and Berkutov.
Yield
Apple tree variety Phoenix Altai considered high-yielding. Fruiting comes on fourth to fifth year after landing.
In practice, as a rule, it occurs before, but it is better not to allow this.
For the first five years, cut the flowers, then the apple tree, in the long run, will produce more yield.
On average, one apple is harvested up to 160 kilogram. Fruiting annual, irregular, but abundant.
Removable maturity comes in early September. Consumer period lasts until the beginning of February.
Planting and care
When planting a tree used classic fertilizers.
In the care of an apple tree is not whimsical.
If you follow the following elementary instructions, the yield of apple Phoenix Altai can grow significantly and bring even more tasty and healthy fruits.
The time of landing on the site is directly dependent on the age of the seedling. For example, in the spring it is better to plant trees not older than two years.
If your tree is much older, it is better to choose the autumn period. If the tree is quite adult, this planting season is definitely autumn, maybe even closer to winter.
In this case, the apple tree will easier adapt and not die.
Altai phoenix is a winter variety of apple trees, and therefore it is recommended to choose the autumn period for planting.
Need to choose seedlings with a developed root system. To choose well drained areas for planting this variety.
It is recommended to use loam or sandy loam soil so that the tree grows strong and brings maximum yield.
If you cannot get such a soil, you can dig a hole with a depth and diameter of one meter, fill it with sand, compost and peat crumb. This will create even better conditions for the germination of seedlings.
Be sure to water the tree plentifully immediately after planting.
To prevent the tree from rotting, avoid planting groundwater close to the surface when planting. Otherwise, the seedling will be in the water, which will lead to the death of the tree.
Regardless of when the Phoenix Altai apple variety was planted, Intensive care begins in the first spring.
Basic care includes dressing, mulching wheel circle, crown formation prevention of diseases and pests.
To achieve the entry into fruiting apple for 4-5 year need to produce fertilizer with the following substances:
- organic nitrogen and mineral fertilizers;
- urea feed.
Next you need to constantly monitor the growth of the tree. If it grows, the leaves turn green, - then everything is in order, in addition to make a mixture is not required.
Otherwise, you can feed urea solution again (tablespoon on a bucket of water) in late spring.
In summer, the following feeding is carried out:
- the introduction of ash into the soil;
- feed with potash fertilizers;
- feeding with compost.
Especially useful mulching pristvolnogo circle manure. Top circle sprinkled with dried grass or straw.
Among the unpretentious varieties also worth paying attention to: Freshness, Oryol Sinap, Scarlet Early, Bryansk Golden and Moscow Late.
Diseases and pests
Apple tree Phoenix Altai characterized low resistance to fungal diseasesand therefore their prevention is extremely important.
A number of comprehensive measures that have a preventive effect on various diseases of the apple:
- pollination of colloidal sulfur and copper compounds;
- destruction of the affected elements;
- fertilization of potash and phosphorus type;
- soil ash;
- crown formation;
- feed with potash fertilizers;
- Calcium chloride spraying during the growing season;
- timely harvesting.
If preventive measures are not followed, the Phoenix Altai apple variety is subjected to the next row diseases:
- scab;
- tinder mushroom;
- powdery mildew.
The first signs of scab are green-brown spots on the leaves and small brown, forming a crust, spots on the fruit.
The scab primarily affects the leaves of the tree, and then moves to the fruit.
The cause of this fungus can be high humidity or air stagnation inside the tree crown.
If wounds resembling a fungus appeared on the bark of an apple tree, the tree was struck. mushroom tinder
Such a mushroom strongly affects the trunk of an apple tree, but it affects the fruit indirectly. Necessary in the very first stages get rid of the fungus.
If the fungus severely hit the tree, became very solid and reached a large size, then the fungus will have to be destroyed with an ax, then healthy wood will naturally suffer.
If the wound is small, then it can be gently cleaned with a garden knife. It is important to destroy the fungus at its very roots.
Otherwise, after some time, the mushroom “settles” again in the same place.
After the elimination of the fungus, the place in which he grew up needs to be sanitized.
Processing should be carried out copper sulphateafter which it is desirable to paint over the treated place oil paint. Otherwise, the tinder fungus will once again settle in the same place.
After heavy rains often occur powdery mildewAs a rule, in the form of white bloom on the leaves of an apple tree. Infection occurs on the tree from the bottom up, until it completely attacks the tree.
Quite often, the Phoenix Altai apple tree variety affects the moth. These are butterflies of the night type, which lay eggs first on the leaves of the trees, and after the formation of ovaries, on the fruits.
In the end, this leads to the emergence of worms. When a tree is already struck, it is necessary to spray it with insecticides.
Best means:
- containing esfenvalerate;
- karbofos.
It is also not necessary to neglect the prevention and against such pests as fruit saplings, mining moths, hawthorn and silkworms. How to do this, read the individual articles of our site.
Apple Phoenix Altai is one of the most attractive in appearance and taste of fruit varieties.
Apples are characterized by long shelf life and good transportability.
However, the tree is often affected by scab. Fruits like to eat and moth, but with simple prevention of these troubles can be avoided.
Watch the video about what scab is and how to deal with it.
