Garlic is a plant of the Amarallis family. This is one of the most common vegetable crops in the world. It is used as an additive in food and medicines. Annually, more than 17 million tons of garlic are harvested in the world. This vegetable can be grown at any time of the year. In this article we will analyze in detail all the popular and best varieties of winter garlic (with photos).
"Alkor"
This is one of the most high-yielding varieties of winter garlic. With the observance of all the rules of agricultural technology, the yield is 3-3.4 t / ha. "Alcor" is externally standard, has 4-6 teeth, its weight is 20-35 g, it has a slightly sharp taste and does not have a sharp flavor. The growing season is 85-95 days. Arrows. 
This variety was bred by Russian breeders. Feels good with mechanical landing and cleaning. It is planted in any soil, but the most ideal would be a drained, non-acidic, aerobic soil. Landing is done in mid-September or early October. The holes for planting make a depth of 5 cm. The distance between the rows is 20 cm, and between the holes 15 cm. Watering is abundant, 2-3 times a week.
Important! Fertilizers are added only if the garlic has reached 10 cm in height, that is, during active growth.
"Alcor" is not affected by pests, but can get yellow dwarfism (yellow banding). In this case, you will notice, according to the name, yellow stripes on the leaves, too slow growth or deformation of the leaves. It is necessary to remove the affected plants, because this virus can be transferred in any way, and then you lose a quarter of the crop. The variety is responsive to various fertilizers.
"Garkua"
Cultivated in France, but loved by all the culinary professionals and gardeners of the world. Winter is considered to be due to frost resistance. It is an ordinary garlic in its forms, but its color is pale pink and sometimes light purple. It is interesting that the teeth of the sort are small, and sometimes they number up to 18 pieces in the head. Gunman. The taste of "Garkua" sharp, but with a pleasant aroma. Long stored. 
You can plant a variety in any soil except sour. Soil pH should be below pH 7. Well gets on in loamy, despite poor drainage of the soil. Methods and recommendations for planting do not differ from other varieties.
Did you know? When growing garlic can be planted between rows peas. Thus, garlic will get more nitrogen.
Watering is 2-3 times a week, and after each procedure - loosen the ground. This will improve aerobic soil.
"Garpek"
This variety of winter garlic was bred in Spain. Reminds Chinese varieties. Not considered to be precocious. The head can be from 7 to 16 teeth. "Harpek" large, and its weight can reach 80 g. Leaves are vertical, wide, dark green color. The flesh is thick, not too juicy. Garlic does not have a pungent odor, not too hot. Refers to high-yielding varieties.
Despite all the beneficial properties of garlic, the harm from this bulbous culture can also be significant.
After the snow melts, the beds should be weeded. Sowing is done in September, if you are in the north, or in October, if in the south. The total growing season 100-107 days.
"Hermann"
This type of winter garlic is very large. Leaves can reach 60 cm in length. Prone to bolting. Color can be as usual white, and violet. The head contains 6-8 teeth. The head can be the size of a palm. "Herman" - a good solution for growing in open ground. Grows well in partial shade. Required humidity 35%. Frost-resistant and well contained at a temperature of 25 ° C. Mass from 70 to 150 g. 
Agrotechnika is simple, there are no special recommendations. Like any kind of garlic, weeding needs after weeding, which is done 3 times a week. The taste is sharp, juicy flesh. "Herman" mid-season, and the growing season takes 90-100 days. High-yielding, from 1 square. m can collect up to 1 kg. The soil is needed neutral in acidity, well loamy and well suited. The wells are made every 15-20 cm. The distance between the beds of 20-35 cm. The crop must be stored in a dark, cool place, then it is possible to use it for 8 months.
"Gribovsky anniversary"
Very promising cultivar in the garden. Was obtained by breeding methods and is closest to wild varieties. The Gribovsky Jubilee, like many others, is arrowed. The vegetation period lasts for 100-105 days. The leaves are long and large, up to 60-70 cm long. It has a rather sharp taste due to the high content of essential oils. 
Did you know? Garlic essential oils increase appetite, eliminate headaches and joint pain, strengthen immunity.
The peel of the "Gribovsky jubilee" is dense, but the weight itself is small (up to 50 g). Up to 6 teeth can be placed in the head. The variety is very productive. In a good season, you can collect up to 2 kg from 1 square. m
"Gribovsky anniversary" has become one of the most common varieties due to its adaptability in any climatic conditions.
"Komsomolets"
This representative of the Onion genus, depending on the time of planting, can be both spring and winter. It is resistant to summer temperatures and to winter cold. The bulb is large, weighing from 30 to 50 g. This look - with a violet shade and sharp taste, has quite a sharp smell. "Komsomolets" has an average number of teeth (6-10 pieces). 
Like many winter varieties of garlic, "Komsomolets" mid-season, and the growing season is 110-120 days. Leaves are standard, 30-40 cm, in an amount of 5-7 pieces, with a slight wax coating. Landing should be spacious and sunny. In the penumbra it is poorly acclimatized and can give small yield and small fruits. Sandy or loamy soil will do. To prevent water from stagnating in the soil, you should add some sand to the wells. The holes themselves are 4-5 cm deep. The distance between them is 10-15 cm, between rows 35-40 cm.
Important! Do not plant garlic near fruit trees or shrubs.
Garlic can be propagated by parts of the bulbs or air bulbs. There are no strict sowing rules. Before planting, the soil must be well loosened.
"Lyubasha"
Lyubasha garlic is a popular early Ukrainian variety, and its description is impressive. It can weigh 120-200 g, while having only 4-7 teeth. It can be propagated by teeth, air seeds, or with a single-toothed bulb. After harvesting, it is stored for up to 10-12 months in a dark, cool place. If we take into account marksmanship, then the height of the plant can be up to 1.5 m. The leaves are standard - dark green, dense, with a small wax coating. 
Garlic "Lyubasha" has a high yield: from 1 square. m can collect up to 3.5 kg. However, he does not need special care. The dry matter content in it is 2% higher than in the "Gribovsky Jubilee", and is 43%. Like other species, responsive to fertilizing complex fertilizers. It tolerates winter. Sow it as standard: in late September or early October.
Important! When used for sowing air seeds (bulbs-vozdushki), fold them in size and process with special solutions to protect them from pests and diseases.
"Messidor"
The variety "Messidor" was bred by Dutch breeders. Early, standard variety, prone to broadbanding. Leaves are green, up to 40 cm high, resistant to diseases. The bulb itself is white, sometimes with a pink tinge. Consists of 6-10 teeth. Landing is carried out at the end of September. Inflorescence umbrella, pink color. 
"Messidor" - cold-resistant. It is considered high-yielding, but it depends on the soil and the place of planting. Loves well clarified areas, in the penumbra develops poorly. The soil needs loamy, sandy, fertile, necessarily drained and aerobic. Responsive to fertilizing urea. In this case, you will need 10 liters of water, 1 cup of urea and 1 cup of litter. The procedure is carried out twice a month, that is, once every 2 weeks. Feed as needed.
Find out why the leaves turn yellow from garlic.
"Sail"
Sort "Sail" has large leaves - 1.5 cm wide and 50 cm long. The stem is low, 50 cm. Not inclined to bolting. It has an average wax coating. The flesh with a pungent taste, strong smell, dense and juicy. The teeth themselves are slightly elongated. They are 6-8 pieces per bulb. The average weight of the bulb is 40 g.
High-yielding, frost-resistant. All agrotechnical rules are standard. Well preserved for 6-8 months. Early, you can harvest in June. Brings 1-1.5 kg per 1 square. m. Well developed in the penumbra. Resistant to diseases and pests. Did you know? In China, per adult daily accounted for up to 12 cloves of garlic.
"Petrovsky"
Winter variety "Petrovsky" - spicy and versatile in use. It can be used as a seasoning for dishes, as well as a component of medicines against influenza. Frost-resistant, like any winter variety. Responsive to regular watering and dressing, which are produced in accordance with the standards for garlic. Agrotechnics is simple, because the variety is unpretentious. It grows well in sunny areas. The grooves are made up to a depth of 6 cm, and the distance between them is 20 cm. The distance between the rows is 35 cm. 
It is necessary to prepare the soil for planting in mid-August. It should be aerobic to pass water well. Planting peas between the rows will protect the Petrovsky from excessive snow in winter. Mid-season marksman, the growing season has 100 days. The bulb is small, of average weight (60-70 g) and contains 5-7 cloves.
"Polessky souvenir"
The winter variety "Polessky Souvenir" was bred by Belarus breeders. It is considered promising. Harvest can be removed mechanically. At the same time on 1 square. m gives 1-2 kg of fruit. All conditions for growing are simple: watering, weeding, feeding - everything is standard and does not require deviations. If you are planting air seeds, then they can be disinfected with this solution:
- 100-120 g of salt;
- 5 liters of water.
All this is mixed up and there are added seeds. Leave for 5 minutes, then transfer to a solution of copper sulphate (50 g per 5 l of water), soak for a few minutes. Dry the seeds with a towel, and you can plant.Important! Watering of winter varieties of garlic begins in mid-April.
"Ukrainian White"
This variety can be both spring and winter. No arrow. Medium size, bulb weighing up to 30 g. In the section is quite asymmetrical. The teeth can be in different sizes, up to 7 pieces. The shell is silver, dense, sometimes with a violet shade. Frost tolerates relatively well. 
He likes sunny places of planting, gets along poorly with high soil moisture. The harvest is stored for a very long time. The smell is unsharp, sharp on taste. "Ukrainian white" is very common due to its unpretentiousness in agricultural technology. The harvest is small compared to other Ukrainian varieties "Lyubasha".
"Sofievsky"
Garlic "Sofiyevsky" is sown both in autumn and spring, and the description of the variety is rather standard. It is considered purple garlic. Was launched in Ukraine. Young, shooter, tolerates winter frosts. Lives with high humidity in loamy soils.
The vegetation period lasts for 110 days. In a bulb to 8-10 pieces of cloves. Long stored when properly dried. Needs mineral fertilizers. Agrotechnika standard.
"Spas"
Also one of the Ukrainian varieties of garlic. The height of the arrow is up to 110 cm. It tolerates low winter temperatures and is resistant to diseases. The bulb has a slightly oblong shape. The flesh is cream-colored, juicy, spicy to the taste. Its feature is high adaptability in any soils and climatic conditions. "Spas" can grow in partial shade and in sunny areas. Landing: wells up to 5 cm in depth, the distance between them is 15-20 cm, the distance between the rows is 35 cm. Gives a high yield, up to 4 kg per 1 square. m Store garlic in a cool place.
Check out the technology of planting garlic for the winter.
Choosing winter varieties of garlic, pay attention to the growing season and the amount of the crop output. All the above varieties are the best for planting both for industrial purposes, and on a private dacha. Due to the fact that varieties are bred using breeding, they are resistant to frost and do not require special care.
