If you are looking for fruit trees in your garden, we suggest you consider the option of planting autumn pears "Academic". A detailed description of the variety and conditions for its cultivation can be found in our article. Immediately, we note that one of the main values of this pear tree is its winter hardiness and the possibility of growth in the northern regions and other zones of “risky gardening”.
Inference history
On the genetic origin of the pear "Academic" today there is no data. It is known that she was bred by the staff of the Moscow Agricultural Academy. KA Timiryazeva - S. Chizhov, S. Potapov, N. Agafonov and A. Isachkin. The tree was given to state variety testing not so long ago - in 1997 The recommendations for the variety included the possibility of testing in the Central Region.
Check out the most popular varieties of pears: "Tenderness", "Petrovskaya", "In Memory of Zhegalov", "Otradnenskaya", "Avgustovskaya Dew", "Children", "Rogneda", "Elena", "Fairytale", "Nika" and " Northerner. "
Tree description
Acquaintance with a grade of a pear "Academic" we will begin with the description of a tree. Pear tree of this variety grows to medium size. His crown is characterized by compactness and density. According to the form - wide pyramidal.
Fruit Description
Fruits form a beautiful shrubkoobrazhevy form. They are attractive in color - with yellow skin and red side. On average, one pear reaches a mass of 130-150 g Record holder gains up to 250 g.
Fruits are attached to medium thick stems. 
Their flesh is white, dense in structure, juicy. The fragrance is not very pronounced. The taste is sweet and slightly sour.
Did you know? Pears are very useful for the human body. One fruit contains 20% fiber from the daily norm for humans, 10% ascorbic acid, 6% potassium. It also contains a number of substances related to natural antiseptics and antifungal agents.
Lighting Requirements
This variety is best planted in the south, south-west or west section. The place where the pear tree will grow, it is better to choose the sun, however it should not be sultry. The fact is that the pear does not like to grow with strong evaporation of moisture. 
With the wrong light, the plant will produce little fruit. And the fruits, in turn, will be less sugary and, accordingly, not so tasty.
Read about the benefits and harms of eating pears.
Soil requirements
The pear will grow well on loose soils. The soil should pass water and oxygen well. When planting, it is important to equip the pit with good drainage, since the plant will not survive the stagnation of moisture. It is also necessary to pay attention to the occurrence of groundwater - they should be located no closer than 2 m to the surface of the earth.
The best grounds for planting pears "Akademicheskaya" are:
- sod;
- medium sod;
- slightly sod;
- sandy loam
- light loamy.
According to the acid reaction, the soil should have a low pH - below 6. It is necessary to add lime to it before planting the seedling only in rare cases.
Important! When planting should pay attention to the fact that the root neck of the seedling was located above the ground, approximately at the level of 3-5 cm.
Pollination
The variety is prone to self-fertility. However, to increase the yield of pears "Akademicheskaya" it is necessary to plant trees of other varieties that will become pollinators in close proximity. Lada, Otradnenskaya, Severinka, Chizhovskaya are best suited for this purpose. 
Fruiting
Pear "Academic" is ranked as a tree with a mixed type of fruiting. Fruits are usually tied to all types of wood. The pear enters fructification in three-four years after a sapling is planted.
Gestation period
The period of ripening pear "Academic" falls on the first decade of September. Despite the rather large size, the fruit is firmly attached to the branches and does not crumble.
Yield
Trees are characterized by average yield. Usually it is 50 kg from one tree. 
Transportability and storage
The transportability of the fruits of the Akademichesky variety is good. Like all autumn pears, the fruits are stored for a long time - up to two or three weeks in the refrigerator and until November in the cellar. Long-term keeping quality can be achieved by picking fruits at the stage of initial ripening, maintaining the integrity of the stem, observing the required temperature - from 0 ° C to 4 ° C and air humidity at the level of 85-90%.
Important! Planting pear tree should be made in early spring. With a late planting, it can take root poorly or show worse yields. It is especially important to adhere to the recommended landing times. - before the kidneys swell - In the gardens of the middle and northern zone of gardening.
Disease and Pest Resistance
When breeding a variety, the breeders made sure that it was characterized by resistance to scab, so the plant does not get sick at all. With long standing rainy weather can fall fruit rot.
Of the pests are especially dangerous rodents. A tree must be protected from them by a person - wrapping its trunk with a special net. 
Frost resistance
Trees of this class are characterized by good winter hardiness - its level is marked as "above average". This indicates that the pear can grow in regions with a harsh climate.
To increase the winter resistance of the soil around the trunk of a pear tree, it is necessary to mulch, and also to wrap the stem with a special material that allows air and moisture to pass through. As mulch is usually used humus. It is laid in a layer of 5 cm. 
Did you know? In China, pear cultivated since 1134 BC. er For a long time, the Chinese considered it a symbol of immortality. To break it, or even just to see a broken trunk, for them meant a bad omen.
Fruit use
Fruits varieties "Academic" have a universal purpose. They can be consumed fresh, make compote of them, make jam and jam, dry.
Find out what are the ways to harvest pears for the winter.
Advantages and disadvantages
Like any variety, pear "Academic" has a number of advantages and disadvantages. In that she has much more advantages than disadvantages You can verify it by reviewing the list below. 
pros
Among the advantages we note the following characteristics:
- resistance to scab damage;
- excellent presentation of fruits;
- good taste;
- fruit sizes above average;
- precocity.
Minuses
Among negative characteristics of the variety, perhaps we can mention only two:
- crown formation too thick;
- acute response to stagnant moisture, flooding.
Did you know? Before tobacco was introduced to Europe, Europeans smoked pear leaves.
Pear "Academic" - This is a great choice for any garden. It does not make special requirements for the composition of the soil, has good winter hardiness, is resistant to scab damage. When planting in a well-lit area, the implementation of the necessary irrigation and sprinkling, fertilizing and pruning of branches, the pear tree will produce tasty, beautiful and healthy fruits that are well transported and stored.
