Both children and adults will enjoy the Orlovsky Pioneer variety.
Due to its beauty and amazing taste, this variety is widely distributed throughout Europe.
It is chosen for breeding in industry and in house farms.
What kind is it?
Orlovsky Pioneer is a summer variety of apples. The fruits look very attractive. By mid-August, they are completely sown and poured juice. Ripe apples hold tight on the stalk, and do not fall. The collected fruits are stored for a long time..
Optimal storage conditions - dark and cold.
The best option for apples of this variety will be storage in wooden boxes in the cellar. Subject to all norms, apples can maintain their qualities until December.
The variety of apple trees "Orlovsky pioneer" refers to those apple trees that pollinated by insects.
Variety description Orlovsky pioneer
Many gardeners, looking at an apple tree seedling, can immediately determine its place in the garden composition. Appearance while playing a major role.
Apple varieties are low. Crohn rounded, fairly thick. The main fruit bearing branches are very wide, located almost parallel to the ground. With age, apple trees, branches rush up.
Shoots - thick, pubescent, brown. The leaves are small, oval-shaped, dark green. The leaf plate is slightly bent in the center, the edges of the plate are jagged.
The inflorescences are medium in size, white in color with a pinkish tinge.
The Orlovsky Pioneer varieties are medium-sized. Mature fruit weight - 120 grams. The apple itself is green with a pink blush.
The fruit is strongly flattened with pronounced ribs. The skin is of medium thickness, smooth to the touch. The funnel is deep and narrow, the saucer is small.
Seeds are oval, medium size. Seed chamber closed. The flesh of the fruit is quite dense, juicy, sweet-sour to the taste.
A photo
A pictorial description of the Orlovsky Pioneer apple tree in the photo:
Breeding history
The variety was bred at the All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops in 1976. The development of the variety involved E.N. Sedov and Z.M. Serov.
To obtain a new variety, scientists used the method of hybridization developed by I.V. Michurin.
The basis of this variety were selected Antonovka Krasnobochka and hybrid SR 0523. For the experiment were selected 20 maternal trees of the variety Antonovka Krasnobochka.
At the first stage of the experiment, the maternal variety acted as a pollinator; at the second stage, the paternal variety was already the pollinator.
The first part of the experiment was successful, and the breeders decided to select seeds from 12 apple trees for further planting. Before planting, the seeds were stratified, which made it possible to increase their germination rate.
After planting, further care of the new variety was carried out according to the method of the mentor (educator).
A new variety was added to the Vm gene, which made it possible to develop a good resistance to scab.
Natural growth region
In nature, this variety is widely distributed in central Russia. But it is also quite common on the territory of Ukraine and Belarus, as it adapts well to changes in environmental conditions.
For the speedy adaptation of the variety to growth in cold conditions, it is necessary to feed the tree with organic fertilizers.
Frozen soils, as a rule, are poor in nutrients, so it is important to feed a young seedling 2 times a year.
In winter, the trunk of an apple tree should be wrapped, and the ground around it should be warmed with leaves.
When growing a variety under drought conditions, the apple tree needs abundant watering. Apple tree absorbs beneficial substances through the root system in a dissolved form, so it is very important that the soil is moist and loose.
Young apple trees need to be watered 2 times a week, and during severely dry periods as the soil dries.
Yield
Apple trees "Orlovsky Pioneer" are high-yielding varieties.
The first fruits on the apple tree will appear as early as 6 years after planting. With proper care, one apple tree can bring up to 75 kilograms of apples.
The weight of a ripe fruit is about - 120 grams.
The harvest period is in August. Fruits are well kept.
Apple trees of this variety bear fruit once a year.
Ripe fruits do not fall off, it allows to increase the period of harvest.
Planting and care
Apple needs comprehensive care. Methods for proper fit and care will be considered in more detail.
First of all, you need to choose the time and place for planting an apple tree. The best time to land will be from the end of March - until mid-April. The Orlovsky Pioneer variety apple will ideally suit a well-lit, open space. Apple trees are better to plant in groups.
For seedlings need to prepare a hole no more than 70 cm in depth and 1 meter in width. Planting apple should be at a distance of 4-5 meters from each other. After planting, the apple tree should be poured abundantly with water, this will allow the earth to wrap the roots more closely.
The main feature of caring for this sort of apple trees is that the tree needs regular pruning. If you skip this stage of care, the level of fruiting apple will be halved.
General care measures:
- In the spring: inspection of the tree, pruning and treatment of wounds.
- In the summer: loosening and cleaning the soil around the tree, regular watering and treatment of pests.
- In the autumn: whitewashing the trunk, feeding the tree and wrapping the apple tree.
Diseases and pests
The Orlovsky Pioneer varieties of apple trees possess the Vm gene, which causes them good resistance to fungal diseases. However, there are those diseases that arise through the fault of man.
These include:
Bacterial burn
This disease occurs due to improper care of the apple tree. The main preventive measure is disinfection. To prevent this disease, the necessary soil disinfection with copper sulphate solution.
If the apple tree has already undergone a disease, then the main control measure is treatment with the drug Hom.
Black cancer
Occurs due to a sharp temperature drop or improper care. To preventive measures include the introduction of potash fertilizers and pest control.
If the tree could not be saved, it is necessary to prune the damaged branches, disinfect and heal the wounds.
It is very unpleasant to find pests on an apple tree, since it is rather difficult to deal with them.
The main measures to combat parasites:
- Green aphid. In order to defeat aphids on an apple tree, it is necessary to process the tree with a solution of soap.
- Listoblashka. In case of invasion of this insect, the apple tree should be sprayed with a solution of Carbofos.
- Apple moth. It copes well with moth on apple-tree karbofos solution.
- Listovertka. One of the most effective control measures is spraying an apple tree with a solution of nitrofen.
- Codling moth. To kill this pest, the treatment of the apple tree with chlorophos solution is perfect.
Summing up, it can be concluded that the Orlovsky Pioneer apple variety is often chosen for growing in households. It is for these qualities that this variety has recently gained popularity among industrial gardeners.
Their beautiful appearance and pleasant taste will not leave anyone indifferent.
