These ruddy apples are world famous.
The sweet taste of vanilla cream, delicate aroma and smooth, shiny peel favorably distinguishes Jonathan among other varieties.
It is produced in huge volumes, which makes it a frequent guest on our shelves.
Many manufacturers choose this variety for their juices and jams due to its taste. Apple Jonathan, her full description and photo - in our article.
What kind is it?
Jonathan - variety mid autumn maturation.
In a different way, it is called: Khoroshavka is winter, Winter red, Oslamovskoye.
Apple trees of this variety are popular on North Caucasus and in the territory Of Ukraine. In warm climates and mild winters, apples have time to ripen well.
For northern latitudes, these trees winter hardy enough - freezes wood. Jonathan is good for producing apples in industrial volumes.
Autumn varieties include: dessert Petrova, Long (Kitaika), Zhigulevskoe, Imrus, Kalvil snow, Carpet, Assumption, Young Naturalist, Gift to gardeners, Pepin Saffron, Freshness, Scala, Ural bulk, Torch.
Pollination
Apple Jonathan - self-fertilebut without pollinators yields will be worse.
The following varieties are excellent as pollinators: Mekintosh, Melba, Simirenko, Rennet champagne, Welsey, Idared.
Plant one of these varieties near the apple tree Jonathan, if it does not grow in the adjacent plot. If there is no opportunity to plant a number of trees of these varieties, and rescue graft in the crown.
Description variety Jonathan
Consider separately the appearance of the apple and fruit.
Size of adult trees averagethe crown has a round enough wide shaped. The branches depart from the trunk at an obtuse angle, the density of the crown is average.
Branches under the weight of ripe fruit usually lean down. The leaves are medium in size, slightly wavy at the edges, the surface of the sheet is matte. The dense pubescence of the leaves gives the crown a bluish tint.
Medium-sized fruits, smooth, glossy skin. The average weight of an apple is 100-150 grams. The main color of the skin is green, the blush is deep red and sometimes covers the entire surface of the fruit.
The skin is very thin, but dense and well protects the fruit from mechanical damage. Apples keep an attractive appearance for a long time and are convenient for transportation.
During the harvest period, the flesh is white with a greenish tinge; in ripe apples it is light yellow. AT gentle and sweet taste almost does not differ sour.
On a 5-point scale, Jonathan is typing 4.5 points. Apples are good both in fresh form and for cooking compotes and jams. Commercially, they are more often used for the production of powder raw materials and as wine material.
A photo
Breeding history
This vintage apple variety Jonathan came to us from North Americawhere it was bred in the beginning of the 19th century by selection of apple trees Aesop and Spitzenburg (currently not popular).
According to the second version, the variety is named after Jonathan hingley. His wife Rachel hingley brought a new variety from the Connecticut local variety used to produce cider.
On the basis of the material, Jonathan bred more than forty varieties, among them such popular as Jonagold, Jonared, Prime, McFrey other.
Natural growth region
Initial breeding work with the material produced in Ohio (USA). The state climate is rather mild in winter the temperature rarely drops below -1 degrees, the summer is hot.
Therefore, these apple trees do not tolerate frosty winters, they need a climate close to the original area of growth.
Since 1954 Jonathan's apple trees are zoned across Ukraine. On the territory of Russia grows only on North Caucasus.
The following varieties are also suitable for planting in this region: Golden Delicious, Augusta, Papirovka, Malinovka, Belifleur Kitayka, Yandykovskoe, Starkrimson, Spartan, Prima, Uslada, Yuzhny, Quinti, Korea, Cinnamon New, Amazing.
Yield
Apple trees skoroplodnyegive harvest on year 6rarely at 4-5. About a third of the fruit is tied (with free pollination). Every year productivity grows; young apple trees give about 20 kg of fruit.
Trees that have reached the age of 10 years or more produce an annual yield of 30-40 kilograms.
Individual specimens beat record harvest in 300 - 400 kg!
Harvest time - from mid-September to mid-October. Jonathan apples can be stored till March on condition of storage in special cellars, but often they will stop loose and become covered with a spotty bitter bloom.
Jonathan kept in the fridge until mid-may.
The optimal storage temperature is 2-3 degrees above zero.
Apples are best kept in pallets, which are moistened before being sent to the refrigerator.
At a humidity of 90 -95% fruits remain juicy and do not lose the elasticity of the skin.
The higher the storage temperature, the sooner the ripening of the fruit will occur, so if you want to preserve the apples until spring, select storage in cold conditions.
If apples are to ripen by winter or early spring, it may be stored outside the refrigerator in special trays.
Planting and care
The grade perfectly will be suitable both for cultivation in a private garden, and for mass landings of commercial use.
Before planting an apple tree on this plot, make sure the climate is mild enough in your area.
In the northern areas of the harvest period will move from September to the end of September.
Jonathan seedlings are better to buy in special nurseries.
The optimum size of a sapling is 80 centimeters.
The best time to plant is spring.but not earlier than mid-late April.
Apple tree Jonathan Gold landing at a distance of 3 meters from each other.
Young seedlings need protection from the scorching sun and wind - shade them with branches or cloth.
The tree develops well with enough sunlight, does not like shading. Soil preferred loamy or sandy.
If you plan to harvest a bountiful harvest from your apple tree, make sure that the soil is fresh. On poor soil, apples will shrink and bad hold on the branches.
If the land on which Jonathan grows is not fertile, additional feeding is necessary. During drought period Required additional watering.
Mandatory spring pruning of apple trees. Apple trees purchased in the nursery, prune only in the second year.
Diseases and pests
The variety is almost immune to scab, you can not be afraid of this disease. The main troubles of Jonathan variety - wood freezings and powdery mildew.
Frozen old wood leads to scabs and rust, therefore when forecasting a cold winter, insulate wood further.
Good fit for strapping of a branch of a coniferous treeas well as reed.
Mealy dew can completely deprive you of your harvest.therefore, mandatory prevention of this fungal disease is necessary.
Helps fungicide spraying (recommended frequency 3 times per summer). By feeding plants with potash and phosphate fertilizers, you will make the tree strong and immune to disease.
If you find signs of infection on your apple trees, it will help spraying oxychloride copper, manganese solution, soap solution with soda ash.
The frequency of such a procedure - every 3-4 days until the complete elimination of signs of the disease.
If you decide to grow Jonathan varieties of apple trees, wonderful large fruits will be a worthy reward.
Under certain growing conditions, your apple orchard will produce a bountiful harvest for many years.
Watch the video about powdery mildew and how to deal with it.
