One of the most favorite crops of the gardener is raspberry. A rare land without a raspberry bush one or more varieties.
In this article we will explain how to grow and care for remontant raspberries.
How to water raspberries, and whether to do it
One of the main secrets of growing raspberries of this species is the correct mode of watering. The plant is considered moisture-loving, but its roots are located close to the surface of the soil, therefore they are prone to drying out. The lack of moisture dramatically affects the quality and quantity of the crop.
It should be watered at least once a week. However, during the dry days it should be done more often, keeping the soil in the raspberries wet. If soil was mulched in the spring, the frequency of moistening may be less.
The abundance of watering should be such so that the soil gets wet about 40 cm. It is especially important to observe this regime immediately before flowering, during the growth and ripening of berries.
But the danger of over-irrigation should not be overlooked. Due to the stagnation of water in the raspberries, the air will not be able to reach the roots of the bushes, and in spring the temperature of the soil will fall by several degrees. This will trigger growth retardation. In late autumn, on the eve of winter, they conduct one very abundant watering in order to saturate the soil with water.
Experts recommend using drip irrigation - it saves water. But you can use any convenient method. It is important that the water was not cold - before watering it should be allowed to warm up.
Did you know? The term "remontant" comes from the French word "remontant", which means "rising again." As applied to this variety, raspberry is meant for its ability to constantly flowering and fruiting during the entire vegetative season.
Raspberry care, weeding and loosening the earth
To care for the repair raspberry is easy. In addition to regular watering loosening the soil and weeding the raspberries is required. Loosening is carried out to a depth of no more than 7 cm in a radius of a meter from the middle of the bush.
In addition, once or twice a month should be carried out. soil mulching with humus between rows of bushes. It helps to strengthen and develop the root system of raspberries, to lay more buds on the branches.
The latter is good not only for yield, but also for the formation of cuttings. It does not make sense to wrap bushes for the winter. In autumn, the upper part is cut, and the roots themselves tolerate frost well.
Did you know? The repair raspberry can bear fruit in the second year. The first harvest comes on two-year-old sprouts, and on one-year old ones - after it. But the first pulls on itself too many juices, which is bad for the second harvest. Namely, the second is considered the most valuable. Therefore, most often this raspberry variety is grown as an annual plant. Then the most juicy and healthy berries ripen around the end of summer (depending on the region).
Than sprinkle raspberries from pests
Treatment of raspberries in the spring of diseases and pests has its own characteristics. Most often such caterpillars, raspberry and spider mites, aphid, raspberry bugs attack such varieties. It is recommended to fight them with herbal preparations, since treating bushes with chemicals is extremely not recommended during flowering.
To repel ticks, It is recommended to spray bushes with infusion of garlic or onion peels. 100 g of one or the other is diluted in a bucket of water and insisted for three days. Then filtered, add 50 g of pre-dissolved soap or dishwashing detergent.
Against bugs use another mixture. 50 g of grated soap is dissolved in a liter of warm water. Separately, a liter jar of wood ash is diluted with 5 liters of water. The mixture is filtered and mixed.
In a 50 ml bottle, half filled with water, dissolve a teaspoon of kerosene, shaking vigorously. It is added to the prepared mixture and topped up with water to make 10 liters. The resulting tool should be used immediately.
If the raspberry has not yet blossomed, it can be treated with insecticides. But if raspberries are used as an annual plant, pest control is simple. Cut off shoots in the fall, they should be attributed to the site and burn. In the spring on the new pests simply do not have time to multiply.
Rules of fertilizer and feeding the usual and remontativnoy raspberry
Like any other, remontant raspberry requires care and feeding. Usually biennial bushes during soil mulching are fertilized with mineral fertilizers. In the first part of summer, when raspberries grow intensively, nitrogen fertilizers are applied to the soil. Then take the complex, which includes a set of trace elements, potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen.
But not everyone likes to use mineral fertilizers, preferring organic fertilizers.
In this case, the question of how to feed the raspberries in the spring, is solved by creating bird droppings fertilizerwho fermented for several weeks. It is diluted with 20 parts of water.
Can be used fermented mullein, but in a ratio of 1:10 (5 liters per square meter). Such dressing is usually carried out after irrigation in warm weather. In general, for the year under each bush should be laid about 4 buckets of humus.
The decision of how to feed raspberries in the spring depends on whether you did it in the summer. If at the end of the summer fertilizers were not applied, then in the spring it is worth slightly increasing their amount.
Pruning raspberries in spring, summer and autumn
The first procedures for pruning raspberries should be done in the spring, so that the extra shoots do not pull out the valuable juices. In addition, in this way you will provide the maximum amount of sun in the raspberries.
The optimal time for the procedure - the beginning of the blooming of the kidneys. It was at this time that the substances necessary for growth are synthesized in young leaves.
Important! Preparation of cuttings for breeding is carried out in late spring. Pruned shoots are recommended either in cloudy weather, or early in the morning.
Caring for remontant raspberries involves the complete pruning of shoots after the last harvest.At the same time leave hemp is not recommended. This will ensure a good growth of future shoots and promises a bountiful harvest.
How to tie a raspberry, learn ways
If the spring is competent care for raspberries, the harvest is usually obtained abundant. In this case, the shoots can not withstand the severity of the berries and fly. To prevent this from happening, stalks are tied up.
Doing this in the middle of summer, when the growth of the plant ends and it enters the time of flowering. The shoots are tied to a support (for example, a trellis) when they reach about 50 cm. This is the first garter. The second is carried out when they grow 1-1.5 m. Then, while swaying the branches, the berries are less affected by the wind.
Important! It is important to ensure that the raspberry does not thicken. It is in dense branches that are not sufficiently ventilated that fungi begin to multiply. Therefore, bushes are usually planted in strips with a distance of a meter. When using trellis width can be 20-35 cm.
Harvesting
The faster the shoots start to grow and stretch, the faster the harvest will appear. Some accelerate this process, covering the raspberries in early spring with a special shelter.
It is made from perforated film or nonwoven material. When the shoots grow about 15 cm, it is removed.
This way you can achieve a harvest about two weeks earlier. Collect raspberries of this variety can be once a week or a little less, as needed.
Did you know? If the summer turned out to be cool or the raspberries are grown in the northern strip, they often do not wait for the last berries to ripen on the shoots. Cut off their tops with immature fruits, dried, and in the winter used as an additive to tea.
Raspberry breeding methods
The repair raspberry requires adhering to special rules not only in planting and care, but also in reproduction.
Cuttings and root suckers
For breeding, use green shoots that grow near the rhizome itself, have a bleached part and have grown no more than 5 cm. Make sure that each rosette of leaves is already formed.
Cutting the cutting is carried out at a depth of 3-5 cm. As already mentioned, the procedure is carried out in the spring on an overcast day or early in the morning. After separation, it is placed in a greenhouse or greenhouse so that it takes root. This process takes about 20 days.
When the roots appear, the cut is powdered with charcoal, and the cutting itself is planted into the ground at the same depth at which it was cut. Sometimes at first they are placed in one-liter containers for growing.
For reproduction in the fall, roots are searched with a diameter of 2 mm and cuttings of 7-10 cm are cut. They are immersed in the prepared soil at a depth of 7 cm. The bed should be watered, then mulched and closed for the winter. In the spring, after removing the winter shelter, put plastic film until there are green shoots.
Seed and dividing the bush
However, it is not easy to find suitable root offsprings near the raspberry of this variety. Therefore, they often resort to the simplest method of reproduction - bush dividing. It is important to ensure that on each of the separated parts there are no more than a dozen shoots. They should be shortened to 40 cm, cut the roots and remove the old hemp.
In the spring there were more young branches, in the fall the former are completely cut off. Another effective way to increase the number of young stock is to remove its middle in the second or third year of the bush's life. Then around dozens of offspring will appear around him in the spring.
Raspberry seeds are propagated only in cases of breeding new varieties. You can try with other goals, but it is a long and laborious process.
The collected seeds at the end of September are soaked in ordinary water for a day. Then they fold it into a nylon bag and place it between sphagnum moss. The whole structure is kept at a temperature of about 2 ° C until the middle of spring. Then reach and sow in the prepared soil.
If shoots appear, they should be dived or thinned. Plants are planted with a distance of 40 cm between the rows and 5 cm between the plants themselves. All summer they are being looked after as other garden crops, and in the fall they put down raspberries.
You can also try "old-fashioned way": spread a handful of berries on a rope and bury it in a trench. When shoots sprout in this place, leave the strongest ones and pull the rest.
The repair raspberry is able to bear fruit long and abundantly in the warm season. Therefore, it is bred with great pleasure. Caring for a plant is simple, so you can safely and safely take on the formation of such a raspberries.
