The native places of Guzmania are Central and South America. A flower begins its life on the bark of old trees. In fact Guzmania - epiphyte. With active growth, the plant absorbs the necessary moisture directly from the air. Homes grow only two types of this epiphyte - reed guzmaniyu and minor rondo. It is these types of Guzmania that are less demanding of environmental conditions and are easier to take care of them at home.
Guzman transplant after purchase: pot and soil composition
This exotic flower has a very vulnerable root system. Therefore, the first thing after the acquisition of plants in the store you need to transplant. The soil for guzmanii should be loose and well aerated. Not bad composition of turf land and sand with the addition of charcoal and fiber peat.
Did you know? There are about 3,200 species of plants that are grown at home. And the lion's share of them come from the tropics and subtropics. In particular, for 20% of modern home flowers, South America is the birthplace.
Guzmania feels good in a soil mixture consisting of one part of sphagnum and three parts of the bark of coniferous trees (fern roots). You can also purchase ready-made mixture for orchids or bromeliads.
Plants such as echmeia and vriezia also belong to the bromeliad family and bloom only once in a lifetime.Since the soil only partially fulfills the nutritional role for epiphyte, it is not necessary to plant it in a deep pot. And before you transplant guzmaniyu, it should be borne in mind that in a deep flowerpot to maintain the health of the root system is quite difficult.
The best option for this epiphyte - a shallow pot with a diameter of 10-12 cm. Moreover, the drainage should fill about 2/3 of the tank. When transplanting, it is important to carefully handle the root system - it is very delicate in Guzmania. Best to carry out transshipment.
Important! It is not recommended to deepen the neck of the flower and to tamp the soil - for its shrinkage it is better to tap the container lightly.
We create ideal conditions for growing in the house
Caring for guzmaniya is carried out according to certain rules, by creating conditions as close as possible to the natural in the homeland of this plant. 
Lighting
Illumination is very important for buzzing. The best option - sills of the western or eastern direction. On the southern side, the plant will not feel comfortable, and the lack of light on the northern side will adversely affect the flowering plants.
If the windows face only south, the flower needs shading. Moreover, the lack of light guzmaniya not suffer painfully, but in the shade bright flowers fade with time and turn green, losing decorativeness.
There are no differences in lighting in winter and summer for guzmania - this plant does not have a clear rest period.
Did you know? It has been established that buzzing perfectly purifies the air of the room in which it is located. This plant is also able to absorb dust.
Temperature
Temperature plays an important role. The optimum temperature for the plant is + 23-25 ° C in summer and + 18-22 ° C in winter. 
Peculiarities of home care
Experts say that it is easy to care for homemade flowers of gummania - the main thing is to observe the mode of watering and feeding of this exotic beauty.
You will be interested to get acquainted with the main types of Guzman.
Watering and humidity
About how to water this flower, you need to know first. And first of all you need to remember that this plant does not like excess moisture. As a rule, Guzmania is actively watered during arid time or at high temperature indoors. In summer, the flower is watered every other day, and in winter, the Guzmania requires more rare watering - only once a week. Watering is performed in the rosette formed by the leaves, filling it at 2/3.
Important! Moisture that is not absorbed after watering should be drained.
Increasing the temperature in summer quickly dries the air and can cause the ends of the flower to dry out. Therefore, we must bear in mind that for guzmanii optimum humidity - 60-80%. To increase the humidity in a hot period, you can sprinkle the plant 2-3 times a day or put it on a pallet with wet sand or expanded clay, and in the winter, cover the batteries with a damp cloth or use a humidifier. 
The main rule that must be followed in order not to suffer the question "how to save Guzman": the higher the temperature in the room, the higher the humidity should be. Moreover, it is not recommended to lower the temperature by “walking” a flower or arrange drafts - the plant does not like it. Although a light airing does not hurt him.
Did you know? On the growing moon, plants actively absorb moisture. During this period, it is good to prepare the cuttings for rooting, to inoculate, as well as to feed and cultivate the soil.
You can make a flower on the glazed balcony, only on the condition that it will not get direct sunlight. Otherwise, the plant can get burned. This is especially dangerous after spraying.
Water quality is also important: from the hard water on the leaves are stripes and bloom. For irrigation and spraying, it is advisable to use separated, thawed or rain water with a temperature of 2-3 ° C above room temperature. 
Fertilization
According to flower growers, fertilizers do not have any fundamental significance for the huzmania, in contrast to watering and proper care. Indeed, in natural conditions, the plant receives nutrients in minimal quantities.
Potted flowers can be fed to prolong and stimulate flowering. Special fertilizers for bromeliads or universal feedings for flowering plants are used.
In order not to overfeed the flower, fertilizers are diluted with water in a ratio of 4-5 times less than recommended in the instructions.. This solution is watered or sprayed once a month.
Breeding guzmaniya at home
This epiphyte can multiply both by the seminal method and by division.
Kids (lateral processes)
The habitual breeding method for breeding is division. During flowering, the plant begins to form the root system, which after some time grows into a separate flower - "baby".
As soon as the appendix grows up to 15 cm, it can be transplanted. After all, the mother plant already dries and dies. As a rule, Guzmania gives birth to only one “baby”, although in some cases the flower continues to live after flowering and gives more shoots. At first, many perceive the period of rebirth with some caution, because they do not know what to do when Guzmania has blossomed. Experienced growers recommend this action plan:
- Cut off the spike and drying leaves.
- Carefully prune the young shoots with a sharp knife.
- Powder the cut with crushed coal.
- To land the "kids" in a small container and cover with a transparent (preferably glass) cap.
- Place young sprouts in a bright and warm (with a temperature of about + 28 ° C) place, trying to avoid direct sunlight.
- After the appearance of new leaves, which indicate that the gusmania has taken root and the transplantation of children has been successful, the flower is taught to fresh air.
- The rooted plant is transplanted to a permanent place after the final rooting.
For cultivation Guzman take a soil mixture consisting of peat, turf (leaf) land or wet sphagnum moss.Seeds
After flowering, a peculiar fruit-box is formed, in which the seeds of the gummania ripen. In order to grow epiphytes from seeds, they must first be disinfected. For this, a weak solution of potassium permanganate is suitable. After processing, seed is planted in the soil comfortable for gusmania (it is not necessary to sprinkle with earth, since the seeds germinate in the light). Seedlings covered with a transparent material (film, glass) and placed in a warm, bright place.
Important! Guzman seeds quickly lose their germination, and they should be planted immediately after ripening.
After three weeks, the first shoots will appear. After 2-2.5 months, they can dive into separate small (about 7 cm in diameter) capacity. After another six months, the flowers are transplanted to a permanent place.
Seeds and reproduce these indoor plants: streptokarpusy, plumeria, clivia, aglaonemoya, Fitton, cactus, dieffenbachia, Bacopa, Monstera, Tradescantia, Venus flytrap, Epiphyllum, bergamot, catharanthus, Brugmansia, cactus, bougainvillea, chrysanthemum, kumquat and Scheffler.
Bloom guzmania
Experts who know all about the ghzmaniya, call this period the most important in the life of the plant. The flower blooms at the age of 3-4 years. This epiphyte blooms for several months (in March - September) and during this period it is striking in its beauty. At this time it is necessary to especially carefully maintain comfortable conditions. 
Important! Guzmania blooms only under favorable conditions and dies within six months after flowering.
Why does not bloom guzmaniya
Many who are looking forward to this miracle are interested in this question :. Experts call a number of reasons:
- lack of light;
- aggressive exposure to sunlight;
- lack of fertilizer and other nutrients;
- dry air.
Possible difficulties, diseases and pests: ways to deal with them
By and large, epiphytes endure adverse conditions, but you should know what pests and diseases can be exposed to and how to treat them.
- The main enemies of epiphytes are the scythe, the spider mite, gray rot and mealybug. They inhabit the leaves of the plant and harm them. For treatment, guzmania leaves are rubbed with soapy water. If this method does not help, you should apply insecticides that spray the plant and pour the solution into the outlet.
It looks like shieldovka 
In the photo spider mite 
Gray rot is a dangerous enemy of the plant - If the stem rots, the roots may rot. In this case, watering should be reduced.
- Gray spots on the leaves indicate that the flower was attacked by a fungus. You can get rid of it with a fungicide solution.
- If a guzmania dries out, the first thing to do is to find out if the pests have attacked it and check the conditions: have you overdoing it with watering or have you been over-exposed to the sun.
- If the epiphyte is not growing, it is possible that it lacks nutrients. This may apply to both adult flowers and "kids." The second reason is uncomfortable conditions. Although in some cases it may indicate that the plant is ready for flowering and reproduction.
It looks like shieldovka 
In the photo spider mite 
Gray rot is a dangerous enemy of the plantBy the way, many people start to get involved in bromelium dilution just after the first failed experience.
Outwardly, Guzmania suggests that it is too whimsical. However, in reality, compliance with all the rules and requirements for the content, knowledge of how to propagate and deposit guzmaniyu, will create a real island of exotic. In addition, this plant will not only decorate the interior, but also activates your energy.
