Fungal rust damage is familiar to all gardeners in whose gardens a pear of any kind grows. This disease not only spoils the appearance of the tree, but also damages the plant. Today we will talk about how to distinguish rust on a pear from other diseases, how dangerous it is, and how to treat it.
Rust
It should immediately be said that the juniper is the "mother" plant on which the fungus forms and produces spores. Spores are spread to a great distance, infecting pears (intermediate plant). Juniper peddler can grow in 40-50 km from your garden, and disputes will still fall on the pear.
Important! In addition to verdure, shoots and fruits may be affected by rust, but this happens only in the event of an epidemic of disease.Now for the disease itself. The leaves of the affected tree are covered red spots with a yellow rim. It occurs immediately after flowering, in late April. Over time, the orange spots on the leaves of the pear begin to swell and deform, turning into a kind of growth or swelling. After that, the affected plates fall off.
What is dangerous disease
Different diseases of a pear, one way or another, affect the yield and immunity of a tree, but the “harmless” orange spots on the leaves can not only leave the tree without leaves long before the mass leaf fall, but also lead to death.
Of the dangerous diseases of the pear, bacterial burn is also noted, of the pests, the gall mite.
Let's start with the fact that the green part of the plant is responsible for photosynthesis, respectively, without leaves the tree cannot receive the energy of light and convert it into the energy of chemical bonds. Simply put, the tree will not be able to turn complex substances derived from soil into those that will be absorbed.
Accordingly, the amount of reserves before winter is significantly reduced, which affects both winter hardiness and future yield.
However, such an outcome cannot be called the worst, since in the case of the complete defeat of the entire aerial part by a fungus, the tree will die, not having lived and 3 years.
Important! Affected shoots become stained, thickened and die off. The bark on the branches can crack with a weak lesion.Therefore, if yellow spots appear on the leaves of your neighbor’s pear, it means that you should immediately begin treatment or prevention of the disease.
How to deal with pear corrosion
If you find rust on the leaves of pear, and do not know what to do in this case, then we will discuss the options for treating and preventing an unpleasant fungal disease.
Mechanical fight
Pruning of affected leaves and shoots is relevant at all stages of the development of the fungus, since any infected area will become a source of new controversy over time.
Did you know? The development of the fungus occurs in a wide temperature range from 3 to 30 ° C and a relative humidity of 85%.
Inspection and pruning begin to carry out before the blooming of the kidneys. Do not be limited to the removal of secondary shoots, as the fungus spreads rapidly. Therefore, skeletal branches are also subject to pruning. It is necessary to remove 7-12 cm below the affected wood in order to secure healthy tissue.
Do not forget to process cuts with garden pitch, clay, copper sulphate or heteroauxin.
Important! All the cut parts are burned outside the site, and the soil around the tree is digging shovels onto the bayonet.
Treatment with chemicals
Pear rust should be treated with chemicals, without which it will not be possible to completely destroy the fungus.
Spraying is most often used. copper based fungicides. Bordeaux liquid 1% is a popular option, but you can use other similar drugs (Kuproksat, Kuproksil, Champion).
Another option is colloidal sulfur 77% or its analogues ("Kumulus DF", "Tiovit Jet"). Common fungicides, such as Fundazol, Bayleton and Topsin, are also suitable.
Read also about the diseases of apple, peach, apricot, plum, grapes, cherries, cherries, raspberries, gooseberries, currants.
The first spraying is prescribed for early spring. To carry it to swelling of the kidneys. Next, hold the second - before flowering. The third treatment is carried out 1.5 weeks after the second. The last spraying is done at the moment when small fruits begin to form. It should be said that any drug must be applied at least 4 times in order to achieve complete absence of the fungus on the tree.
Folk remedies
Folk remedies do not do well with the diseasehowever, they can be used with the defeat of greenery or with a weak defeat of the shoots. In the case when the fungus parasitizes on most of the tree, to use folk remedies impractical.
Did you know? There are varieties of pears that are resistant to rust: "Sugar", "Gulabi", "Sailo", "Nanaziri". There are also varieties that are most often affected by rust: "Dikanka winter", "Kure", "Klapp's favorite", "Bere Ardanpon".
Infusion on wood ash. On 10 l of water we take 0.5 kg of ash and insist 48 hours. After this, we conduct basal watering of the pear. We spend 10 liters for mature trees, not more than 6 for younger ones.
Spraying with urea solution. At 10 liters of water, we take 0.7 liters of urea, mix thoroughly and spray the entire aboveground part. The treatment is carried out in the autumn, after the foliage is completely dropped. It should be understood that if it is not possible to process the entire tree, partial processing will not produce a result.
Also applicable infusions on marigolds and horsetail, which is sprayed aboveground parts.
Important! A pear infected with a fungus cannot be fed with nitrogen fertilizers.At this point we finish the treatment of pear from rust. Having listed all the methods of fighting the fungus, it remains to be noted that the described options can be combined to achieve the greatest efficiency. Do not ignore this disease, since it can spread to an apple tree or quince, after which you will miss many trees.
