The fern Mnogouradnik belongs to the family Shchitovnikovye.
For forest species characteristic small thick rhizome, as well as dense leaves of dark color.
Often they grow in dark places in areas with well-moistened, loose and drained soil.
They do not differ increased demands for care. As a rule, they form durable bushes of compact size, the shape of which resembles a funnel.
The Fern Mnogovornik belongs to the Shchitovnikov family along with the Chitovnik and Kochezhednik. However, he stands out on their background with a special decoration.
Kinds
For all lovers of ferns, multi-row is a real find.
This is a relatively small fern with beautiful leathery leaves (vayyami).
In nature, there are about 200 species mainly growing in tropical regions of Southeast Asia.
However, there are species that live much north, including in central Russia, Belarus and the Baltic countries.
The most common of these are the following varieties:
Brown
It is considered one of the most beautiful species and is characterized by often wintering foliage. The plant rosette moves away from the thick rhizome. Leaves have a length up to seventy centimeters. They are shiny and with a thick skin.
They have a dark green tint, and both sides are covered with small hairs, at the ends of which there are long bristles of whitish color. The plates are covered with a brownish film along the stem and along thin veins.
The leaves have a lanceolate form, at the base they are strongly narrowed. The scape is short. All sporangia are collected in the so-called sorus, located on the underside of the plate, they have a rounded bristle.
The plant is widely used for decorating sites, arranging, and planting in rock gardens. Brown has a lot of high winter hardiness.
Photo view Brown Brown
Hastate
Considered rare species. It is a perennial plant with a thick and short rhizome, which is densely covered with remnants of deciduous petioles. The leaves have a lanceolate form and sharp tips. The length of the petioles reaches approximately seven centimeters. They are covered with large ovoid films.
Sorus collected in two contiguous rows. These plants grow on rocks, as well as in darkened coniferous leaves. It multiplies due to disputes that ripen in late summer.
Photo view Spear-shaped:
Spine
It is characterized by winter hardiness. The length of the linear leaves is more than thirty centimeters, they are cirrus and winter green. Spore feathers are attached to the sheet above. Sori located on both sides of the central vein and collected in two rows.
Greenish fronds have a height about ninety centimeters. For winter hardiness this type of plant can be attributed to the fourth zone. Multiple better planted in the penumbra.
Photo species Verkheplodny:
Protected
Is an not winter-hardy. It has lanceolate leaves in outline, the length of which reaches one meter. The fronds are once feathery and are painted in a winter-green color.
Photo view Protected:
Three-part
This is a fern with a short rhizome. A moderately moist soil with a sufficient amount of fertilizer is great for it. For winter hardiness it can be attributed to the fourth zone. The plant forms a dense spherical bush with a height of about forty centimeters.
For branching rhizomes characterized by slow growth. Triple leaves with a greenish color develop from long petioles. Plant widely used for decorative purposes mainly due to its simplicity. It is rarely damaged by pests or diseases. In addition, it grows well on different soils under any lighting conditions.
Photo view of the three-part:
Rooting
Winter hardiness refers to the fourth and third zones. is he small in size - about 25 centimeters. Cirrus and winter leaves collected in compact sockets. The fronds are linear and arcuately curved. As a rule, brood buds grow in the upper part of the fern, which take root and serve as the beginning for a new bush.
Photo of the view Rooting:
Tsushima
A plant with long leaves that are narrow-triangular in outline, as well as double-penis. They are leathery and dense to the touch. According to the degree of winter hardiness belong to the fifth zone.
Photo view Tsushima:
Prickly
The plant is about one meter tall. Its leaves have decorative properties. They are winter green, double feathery, dark green. The upper part of the frond is slightly hairy, the fronds are leathery and rather dense. The fern does not creep, forming a durable bush of an accurate form.
Photo view of Thorny:
Multi-stranded
Very hardy a fern that forms shoots with double-pointed leaves of dark green color with a glossy surface. The leaves have a pronounced main axis, covered with thin brownish scales. Sori gathered in one row on the bottom side of the sheets.
Photo of the species Multiresnitchaty:
Bristle
It is a rather winter-hardy plant. The height of this fern often reaches a hundred centimeters. It is characterized by wintering leaves with a fleshy structure and a dark green color. The cirrus sheets have jagged edges, at the ends of which small bristles are developed. The fern is presented in the form of an openwork bush with large sizes.
is he considered decoratively stable however, it is recommended only for limited use in fairly shaded areas, reliably protected from cold winds and drafts.
Fertile and light substrates with moderate moisture are suitable for it.
From it was obtained many subspecies, which include the following:
Congestum
Has a height of not more than thirty centimeters, wintering, dark greenish leaves. it dwarf variety with upright leaves, as well as close feathers, which, as a rule, overlap each other.
Photo subspecies Congestum:
Dakhlem
Evergreen fern with triangular leaves with a light green color. Fronds are triptypistous and develop on golden-brown petioles, covered with small fibers. Round-shaped bush prefers shaded areas for growth.
Photo subspecies Dakhlem:
Herrenhausen
A beautiful plant with glossy and rather thick and large leaves that form a funnel of almost regular shape. This fern does not have creeping properties very winter hardy, can be used as an ornamental plant for several decades.
Photo subspecies Herrenhausen:
Plumozum-Densum
It grows to about 45 centimeters. The bush has a vertical direction and feathery leaves, painted in a rich green tint. For this fern, choose places with well-moistened air, protected from drafts and direct sunlight.
Photos subspecies Plumozum-Densum:
Volastoni Proliferum
Low plant It has a beautiful form, linear, long leaves of green color.
Photo subspecies Proliferum Volastoni:
Shiney Holi Farms
Fern, whose height reaches more than forty centimeters. The leaves are thick and fleshy to the touch, they are green in color, and are attached to small petioles.
Photo subspecies Shini Holy Farms:
Home care
Humidity and lighting
For the cultivation of many rows of a particular type is better to choose a plot with high humidity. Care must be taken to ensure that the place is reliably protected from direct sunlight, as well as from drafts and cold wind.
Many of them can be easily grown in the shade, on a garden, highly fertile substrate, which has good drainage.
Being originally a forest fern, the Multi-row can be grown in open field. He perezimuet without any problems even without shelter.
Adiantum, Schitovnik, Orlyak.
For some species, another substrate must be provided: large stones with a small amount of soil between them. In this case perfect broken brick.
Transplant and pruning
This fern does not require regular transfers. Thus, only one transplant per year will suffice.
It is carried out in the spring, picking up the pot in size. For plants need watering with plenty of water.
However, it is not necessary to allow the formation of stagnant fluids, because this will adversely affect the development of the plant.
To prevent such a phenomenon will help correct drainage.
Also in the spring pruning, which allows you to get rid of dead or damaged parts of the fern bush.
Breeding
Multiple rows can be propagated in several ways. This often happens by dividing the bush or cuttings rhizomes. Reproduction is also practiced by spores, but in this case it is difficult to achieve a positive result at home.
Vegetative division of the bush should be carried out either in spring, before the flowering period, or at the end of the summer season.
Some polysper rows can root in the soil by buds growing on the petioles.
Diseases and pests
Very close row resistant to damage numerous pests and diseases. Therefore, it is extremely rare for a plant to notice any signs of disturbance. The most dangerous pest is scale. To protect the fern from it, it is necessary to treat it with a special chemical substance before flowering.
Beneficial features
A plant like multi-row does not possess any useful properties.
However, it is often enough used as decoration for stony sites and original dressing of shaded sites.
The polyrow today is represented by a huge number of diverse species.
The most popular of them are actively used to decorate places where other plants are not accepted.
It multiplies in different ways, not demanding care.
The main thing is to provide protection from the sun and wind, as well as good drainage. These ferns will decorate the site for many years.
