The period that determines the quality of the subsequent harvest is the flowering of the grapes. It is very important to avoid complications in this phase of cultural development. And if there is no possibility to influence the weather conditions, then it is imperative to do what depends on the hands of the grower.
Description and features of the period
When the grapes bloom, temperature conditions, the level of humidity, as well as the care of the gardener for the crop are of great importance. The ideal weather conditions for this phase are around 25-30 ° C and moderate drought.
When this garden plant begins to bloom depends on the region. Usually the process starts at the end of May. Flowering is bad for flowering.
At temperatures below 15 ° C and a high rate of humidity, the flowering of grapes is slowed down, pollination is inactive, and, as a result, a very small number of ovaries are formed.
Not less important is the sufficient amount of nutrients in the soil near the bush. Pollen is formed a little. If the soil is poor, the ovary, respectively, will also be rare. The presence of winds also adversely affects the culture, as they can tear the ovaries and flowers from the stem.
Interestingly, the time of flowering grapes falls on the period from 7 to 11 am. This means that the flowering process does not occur around the clock. At other times, only individual flowers can bloom. Pollination takes place during the week.
During this period, the flower brightens and becomes wet. After the pollination has passed, it dries out and the ovaries begin to form.
Important! A feature of the vineyards is that even under ideal weather conditions, only half of all flowers are fertilized. In case it rains, only 10 will respond to pollination.-20 %.
Read also about the cultivation of such grapes: "Annie", "Blagovest", "Jupiter", "Viking", "Rochefort", "Vodogray", "Gala", "Monarch", "Lily of the Valley", "Chameleon", "Rumba "," Sofia "," Lancelot "," Zabava "," Lydia "," Annie "," Laura "," Kesha "," Veles "," Talisman ".
Preparing to bloom
Grapes before flowering need to prepare to the process was the most fruitful. For this spring, a number of preparatory events are held:
- The formation of bushes. At this stage it is necessary to trim the extra green parts. It is also worth holding the garter of young shoots, which spring really need a frame. As for more adult shoots, they should also be examined and corrected if necessary, their placement. It is important to ensure a comfortable position of the plant so that the sun has access to the clusters. In addition, it will be more convenient and gardener to care for the vineyard.
- Watering. The grapes in the spring season is in need of regular watering. By ensuring this for him, you can avoid the appearance of cracks on the berries in the future when there are rainy days. A very good option would be to spray a boron solution, which will have a very positive effect on the plant and will certainly affect the qualitative development of the vine crop.
Care for buds. This procedure usually concerns those varieties of grapes that bear fruit in large clusters. The bottom line is that on the shoots that will bear fruit, leave only one, the most promising bunch, and the rest are manually removed. Thus you can save the vineyard from excessive loads. 
- Protection against pests and diseases. To do this, spray the vineyard about 3-5 days before the flowers begin to bloom on the crop. You can use the drugs "Topaz", "Decis" and "Ridomil Gold." It is enough to dilute them with water and completely spray the bush.
Care for buds. This procedure usually concerns those varieties of grapes that bear fruit in large clusters. The bottom line is that on the shoots that will bear fruit, leave only one, the most promising bunch, and the rest are manually removed. Thus you can save the vineyard from excessive loads. 
Preparation procedures are very simple and do not take a lot of time, but they will definitely have a positive effect on the yield of this crop.
Did you know? In Spain and Portugal there is a New Year's custom, according to which it is necessary to eat grapes at the last minute of the outgoing year. At the same time, with each strike of the chimes, 12 grapes are eaten and 12 desires are concurred in parallel.
Grape care during flowering
Directly during the blooming of the flowers, care should be as thorough and thorough as possible. Pollination and harvesting occur right now.
What do we have to do
Winegrower can conduct additional pollination artificial method. To this end, for a week or two short flowering phase, one should walk 2-3 times along the vineyard and with a sharp movement shake the wires, which serve as a frame for the vine.
Such shaking of pollen should be carried out in the morning when the dew has already come down. These simple manipulations can increase the yield by 15-30%.
Important! During the fog, dew and rain do artificial pollination is impossible.The quantity, and most importantly, the quality of the brushes can be improved by introducing into the soil additional nutrients. After 4-6 days after the flowers begin to bloom, you can enter complex potassium-nitrogen fertilizer. For example, you can apply "Vuksal Kombi B", which has a considerable amount of boron in its composition.
If a different drug is chosen, then boron must be added separately, since it has a very good effect on the formation of pollen and the rate of fertilization of flowers.
Not recommended actions
There are also a number of plant care processes that may be harmful to the vineyard at this stage.
- Watering flowering grapes is not necessary, since high humidity will negatively affect pollination.
- It is not recommended to engage in this phase of any earthworks - digging the soil, weeding it. It is better, if necessary, to do it near the grapes after flowering.
- Chemical treatment for the purpose of pest control and protection against diseases is also not worth doing at this stage.
Did you know? Grapes are known for their healing properties. The concept of "ampelotherapy", which means "cure with grapes", was even introduced into medicine. It uses not only berries, but also juice, wood, leaves and other parts of the plant.
Duration of flowering phase
How long the grapes bloom depends on the weather. It takes about 1 week. If there was a drop in air temperature to 15 ° C and below, the process may take 2 weeks. In temperate climates, depending on the variety, the grapes bloom in late May or early June.
Caring for grapes at the stage of its flowering is not laborious at all, even for a beginner in the field of viticulture. But even these simple manipulations will have a very positive effect on the quality and quantity of the future harvest.
