Seeing hanging full-weighted clusters on luxurious green bushes of grapes, almost every gardener wants not only to enjoy the amazing taste of the berries, but also to grow this miracle himself. Even an inexperienced winegrower can do this.
Garden vine - branched vine, in which lignified, but flexible, stems and stretch to the sun.
These multimeter branches in spring give young shoots, called vines, on which brushes of sun-soaked amber, ruby and black berries are formed. It is noteworthy that it is the young shoots that bear fruit.
With a competent approach to this operation and good care, a three-year bush already gives a full harvest.
The pruning technology suggests leaving no more than 5 buds on the side branches in the fall, and in the spring they should only keep the lower and upper young shoots. All the others are removed, otherwise the bush will thicken, and the berries will be small and inconspicuous.
The grapes are not particularly picky to the soil of growth, and the vineyards are smashed even in wetlands, except for use only saline.
It is important when choosing the right place, because a rich crop is removed from the sunny southern and southeastern slopes.
Low-lying areas should be avoided, as there is a high probability of fog and cold air masses.
Everything you need for a vine:
- good ventilation between the rows of vines;
- maximum illumination;
- good soil heating.
Interesting features of pruning grapes in the fall.
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Interesting features of pruning grapes in the fall.Vine Care
The vine, like all members of the plant world, has its own rhythm of watering. It directly depends on the soil moisture and the amount of precipitation.
As a rule, sandy soil implies its frequency of 7-10 days, and clay and black soil - about 14 days.
Mineral fertilizers are necessary for the development and fruiting of plants, but the soil also requires care: structuring and restoring biocenosis.
Organic matter can help in this: humus, bird droppings, peat or compost.
Organics of animal origin, such as manure, is made exclusively in the rotted condition.
Mandatory in the care of the vine and general procedures: careful weeding, systematic loosening and timely treatment with means to combat diseases and pests.
It is important to get a piece of unwanted shoots in time for obtaining the expected yield, because only two that were left on the bush should be developed on the bush.
This is done by reaching a length of 2–3 cm of shoots. By the autumn pore, the stem has young fruiting shoots about 7 mm thick. Pruning at this time of the year performs two functions: the next step in the design of the bush and preparing it for wintering.
The absence of a trunk from a vineyard of a vineyard - a rigid skeleton of plants - makes it necessary to use artificially created frames or to create a trellis device of various variants.
When using the second option, the spring garter leads to a strong bending of the vine in the area of the first bud for the formation of a powerful shoot in this place - an arrow. He will be the next year the vine of fruit bearing.
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Usually at the end of October in areas where winter brings snow and frost, work begins on the preparation of grapes for this harsh period. Abundantly watered the soil under a bush, it is covered with sawdust, pine needles, and some gardeners use the land for this.
The use of such natural insulation requires additional waterproofing. But there is a real danger from the rodents, this must be remembered. Vines of more tender grape varieties are tied with bunches, laid into grooves and only then warmed.
Also, they carefully work on the disclosure of grapes after the end of the winter period. First remove the insulation, bunches of vines lift from the ground and from the trenches, after which they shake. Then they hang it on a trellis and dry it, at the same time conducting preventive tillage of the soil and the vines themselves.
It is better to open grapes in the evening or in cloudy weather to prevent overheating and drying. And the most important thing in this process is to prevent damage to swollen buds and young shoots by spring frosts.
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